Freeze-drying, also known as lyophilization, is a specialist drying technique used in pharmaceuticals, food production, biotechnology, cosmetics and many other fields. The process freezes the product and removes water by sublimation, which means ice changes directly into vapor without passing through a liquid phase.

This makes freeze-drying especially useful for products that are sensitive to heat and need to retain their active ingredients, structure, stability and performance. It is widely used to extend shelf life, simplify storage and transport, and preserve the original properties of high-value materials.